Study Suggests Daily Marijuana Use Linked to Increased Risk of Head and Neck Cancer
A new study conducted on millions of medical records has revealed a concerning association between daily marijuana use and the risk of developing head and neck cancer. The study suggests that individuals who use marijuana, especially those with marijuana use disorder, are three to five times more likely to develop these types of cancer compared to non-users.
The Impact of Marijuana Use Disorder
Marijuana use disorder is diagnosed when a person exhibits multiple symptoms related to their marijuana consumption habits. These symptoms may include cravings for marijuana, developing a tolerance to its effects, using more than intended, using marijuana despite negative consequences, and experiencing withdrawal symptoms when trying to quit. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention define these criteria for diagnosing marijuana use disorder.
According to the study’s senior author, Dr. Niels Kokot from Harvard University, the association between marijuana use and head and neck cancer is likely linked to the method of consumption, with smoking being the most common way marijuana is used.
Understanding Head and Neck Cancer Causes
Head and neck cancer accounts for 4% of all cancer cases in the United States, with tobacco use and alcohol consumption being the leading risk factors. Other contributors to this type of cancer include poor oral hygiene, GERD, weakened immune systems, and exposure to certain occupational hazards like asbestos and wood dust.
Additionally, infections with viruses such as human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) have been identified as significant contributors to the development of head and neck cancer. These DNA viruses can alter genes and make individuals more susceptible to malignancies.
Potential Mechanisms of Marijuana-Induced Cancer
The study, published in JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, analyzed a large database of electronic health records and found a substantial increase in head and neck cancer cases among individuals diagnosed with marijuana use disorder. The analysis revealed that such individuals are at a significantly higher risk of developing various types of head and neck cancers.
Experts point to smoking as a key factor in the link between marijuana use and cancer development. The act of smoking marijuana, particularly the deep inhalation and retention of smoke in the lungs and throat, may contribute to increased cancer risk. Additionally, research has identified a connection between certain cannabinoids found in marijuana and tumor growth, further implicating the plant’s role in cancer development.
As the prevalence of marijuana use continues to rise, there is growing concern about a potential surge in head and neck cancer diagnoses in the future. It is essential to educate the public about the risks associated with marijuana use and conduct further research to fully comprehend the long-term implications on cancer development.
